Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other varieties are also produced as ornamental vegetation.
They are herbaceous crops which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have toned flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and pleasing scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the show up in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in formation of buds in just a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are vegetation which have no consistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and die). New progress evolves from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above floor that stay alive during the dormant season and develop shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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