Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Varieties of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other species are also grown up as ornamental crops.
These are herbaceous plant life which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which sends up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blossoms ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated properly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Due to their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hands ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat somewhat than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within a predicted amount of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are crops that have no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and expire). New expansion develops from living cells staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody crops which have stems above surface that stay alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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