Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Types of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also expanded as ornamental plant life.
They are really herbaceous crops which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in hands lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the springtime in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in creation of buds inside a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plant life that have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and perish). New progress grows from living tissue staying on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life which have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and increase shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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