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Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental plant life.

They may be herbaceous vegetation which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have chiseled flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.

CULTIVATION AND USES

The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of their specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in palm products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the street to redemption in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Areas 4-8.

Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted quantity of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).

Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life that contain no persistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they bloom and perish). New expansion builds up from living tissue left over on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody crops which have stems above ground that remain alive during the dormant season and expand shoots the next season from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.

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