Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other types are also harvested as ornamental vegetation.
They may be herbaceous plant life which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hand lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the land in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat alternatively than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in formation of buds in a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plant life which may have no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and die). New growth produces from living cells remaining on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody crops that have stems above surface that stay alive through the dormant season and expand shoots the next calendar year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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