Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The plant life often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other varieties are also grown up as ornamental crops.
These are herbaceous plants which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the green- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are really mostly cultivated professionally in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and pleasing scent, they are generally used in hands ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops that contain no persistent woody stem above earth. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and die). New progress develops from living tissue staying on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants which have stems above surface that stay alive during the dormant season and grow shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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