Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It really is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are now included in Freesia. The vegetation commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other species are also grown up as ornamental plants.
They are herbaceous plants which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blooms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered forms of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops that have no continual woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and perish). New growth advances from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops which have stems above ground that continue to be alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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