Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the former genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia types. Some other varieties are also produced as ornamental plants.
They are herbaceous plants which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms which range from white to yellowish, red, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of their specific and attractive scent, they are often used in palm lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat alternatively than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cold dormancy which results in formation of buds in just a predicted variety of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous vegetation (in botanical use frequently simply natural herbs) are crops that contain no consistent woody stem above ground. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and die). New growth produces from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plants are woody crops that have stems above surface that continue to be alive during the dormant season and increase shoots the next yr from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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