Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other species are also produced as ornamental plant life.
They can be herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blooms, although those formerly located in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. These are mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be commonly increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the plants are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the planting season in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other species of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat rather than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary solutions to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted range of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are plants that contain no persistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous crops may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or near the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and die). New development develops from living cells staying on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody vegetation that have stems above earth that continue to be alive through the dormant season and expand shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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