Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern side of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most species being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia kinds. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous vegetation which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which transmits up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm large bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses made in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the pink- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellowish, pink, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated expertly in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be conveniently increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in hand lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not land below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat somewhat than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frosty dormancy which results in formation of buds in a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are vegetation that have no persistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or close to the ground from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they blossom and die). New expansion grows from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plants that have stems above surface that continue to be alive during the dormant season and expand shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees, shrubs and vines.
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