Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and named after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other types are also grown as ornamental plants.
They are simply herbaceous plants which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which sends up a tuft of narrow leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have smooth flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are generally used in side lotions, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat somewhat than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in development of buds in just a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are crops that contain no continual woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely at the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and die). New expansion builds up from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including roots, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody crops that have stems above ground that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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