Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plant life in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most kinds being found in Cape Provinces. Types of the past genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The plant life commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia varieties. Some other kinds are also harvested as ornamental plants.
They may be herbaceous plant life which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of flowers with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are being used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these varieties and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellow, pink, red and blue-mauve. They may be mostly cultivated appropriately in holland by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of their specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in hand creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it has flat somewhat than cup-shaped flowers. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are vegetation that have no prolonged woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then develop again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant survive under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they bloom and die). New development builds up from living tissue staying on or under the ground, including origins, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as light bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation that have stems above floor that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another calendar year from the above-ground parts - these include trees, shrubs and vines.
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