Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia kinds. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental crops.
They are herbaceous vegetation which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many species have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The crops usually called "freesias" derive from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated appropriately in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Because of the specific and attractive scent, they are often used in hand ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They could be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature does not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other varieties of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it includes flat somewhat than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the lights in proprietary methods to satisfy chilly dormancy which results in formation of buds inside a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plant life (in botanical use frequently simply herbs) are plant life which may have no consistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, plus they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant make it through under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they rose and die). New development develops from living tissues staying on or under the bottom, including origins, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody vegetation which have stems above surface that continue to be alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another time from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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