Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most varieties being found in Cape Provinces. Kinds of the previous genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped bouquets, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia species. Some other types are also grown up as ornamental crops.
They are simply herbaceous crops which increase from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which transmits up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm high bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have level flowers. Freesias are used as food vegetation by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plants usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these kinds and the green- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in side creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blossoms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not show up below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped plants. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in formation of buds in a predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are crops that contain no continual woody stem above earth. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants expire completely by the end of the growing season or when they have got flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial crops may have stems that die at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant endure under or close to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and perish). New development advances from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody crops that have stems above ground that stay alive through the dormant season and grow shoots the next 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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