Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is native to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are now contained in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blossoms, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia varieties. Some other varieties are also expanded as ornamental plants.
They are herbaceous plant life which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many types have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped flowers, although those previously placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are used as food crops by the larvae of some Lepidoptera types including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these types and the green- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have flowers which range from white to yellow, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated expertly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be quickly increased from seed. Because of the specific and desirable scent, they are often used in hands products, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly used in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat alternatively than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in formation of buds in just a predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal selections) are plants that contain no persistent woody stem above surface. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Annual herbaceous plants die completely by the end of the growing season or when they have flowered and fruited, and they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial vegetation may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or near the bottom from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they blossom and die). New progress develops from living tissues staying on or under the ground, including root base, a caudex (a thickened part of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody plants that have stems above ground that continue to be alive through the dormant season and increase shoots the next year from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
ARTFX PLUS GOTHAM James Jim Gordon KOTOBUKIYA
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