Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering crops in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is indigenous to the eastern aspect of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Varieties of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The crops commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped flowers, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia types. Some other kinds are also grown as ornamental crops.
They are herbaceous vegetation which grow from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm size, which directs up a tuft of small leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of bouquets with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped plants, although those previously positioned in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have flat flowers. Freesias are being used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera kinds including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th hundred years between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered varieties of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have blooms ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They can be mostly cultivated properly in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be immediately increased from seed. Due to their specific and satisfying scent, they are generally used in hands ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the flowers are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring and coil in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat rather than cup-shaped bouquets. Extensive 'forcing' of the bulb occurs in two Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary solutions to satisfy wintry dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are crops that have no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plant life may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New progress builds up from living cells remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at walk out) or various types of underground stems, such as bulbs, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns and most grasses. In comparison, non-herbaceous perennial plant life are woody plants which have stems above ground that stay alive through the dormant season and develop shoots another yr from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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