Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and known as after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern part of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being within Cape Provinces. Kinds of the past genus Anomatheca are actually included in Freesia. The crops often called "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped blooms, are cultivated hybrids of a number of Freesia species. Some other types are also grown as ornamental plants.
They are really herbaceous crops which expand from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of slim leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of plants with six tepals. Many varieties have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped bouquets, although those previously put in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Large Yellowish Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The vegetation usually called "freesias" are derived from crosses manufactured in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered types of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have plants which range from white to yellow, red, red and blue-mauve. They are simply mostly cultivated professionally in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be easily increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are generally used in hand creams, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the bouquets are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the semester in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10 (i.e. where in fact the temperature will not fall below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Areas 4-8.
Freesia laxa (previously called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other kinds of the genus which is commonly cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, it offers flat somewhat than cup-shaped blooms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy cool dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted volume of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous crops (in botanical use frequently simply herbal remedies) are plants that contain no persistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants pass away completely by the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, and they then expand again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that pass away at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant endure under or near to the bottom from season to season (for biennials, before next growing season, when they flower and pass away). New development advances from living tissues remaining on or under the bottom, including root base, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Examples of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial vegetation are woody vegetation that have stems above surface that remain alive through the dormant season and grow shoots another 12 months from the above-ground parts - included in these are trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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