Freesia is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering vegetation in the family Iridaceae, first referred to as a genus in 1866 by Chr. Fr. Echlon (1795-1868) and called after German botanist and doctor Friedrich Freese (1794-1878). It is local to the eastern area of southern Africa, from Kenya south to South Africa, most types being found in Cape Provinces. Species of the former genus Anomatheca are actually contained in Freesia. The plants commonly known as "freesias", with fragrant funnel-shaped plants, are cultivated hybrids of lots of Freesia types. Some other kinds are also produced as ornamental crops.
They may be herbaceous vegetation which develop from a conical corm 1-2.5 cm diameter, which delivers up a tuft of thin leaves 10-30 cm long, and a sparsely branched stem 10-40 cm extra tall bearing a few leaves and a loose one-sided spike of blossoms with six tepals. Many kinds have fragrant narrowly funnel-shaped blossoms, although those formerly placed in the genus Anomatheca, such as F. laxa, have even flowers. Freesias are used as food plant life by the larvae of some Lepidoptera varieties including Large Yellow Underwing.
CULTIVATION AND USES
The plant life usually called "freesias" derive from crosses made in the 19th century between F. refracta and F. leichtlinii. Numerous cultivars have been bred from these species and the red- and yellow-flowered kinds of F. corymbosa. Modern tetraploid cultivars have bouquets ranging from white to yellowish, green, red and blue-mauve. They are mostly cultivated skillfully in the Netherlands by about 80 growers.[3] Freesias can be readily increased from seed. Due to their specific and desirable scent, they are often used in palm ointments, shampoos, candles, etc.[citation needed], however, the blooms are mainly utilized in wedding bouquets. They can be planted in the fall season in USDA Hardiness Areas 9-10 (i.e. where the temperature will not fall season below about -7 ?C (20 ?F)), and in the spring in Zones 4-8.
Freesia laxa (formerly called Lapeirousia laxa or Anomatheca cruenta) is one of the other types of the genus which is often cultivated. Smaller than the scented freesia cultivars, they have flat somewhat than cup-shaped blossoms. Extensive 'forcing' of this bulb occurs in Half Moon Bay in California where several growers chill the light bulbs in proprietary methods to satisfy frigid dormancy which results in development of buds within the predicted number of weeks - often 5 weeks at 55 ?F (13 ?C).
Herbaceous plants (in botanical use frequently simply herbal products) are vegetation which may have no consistent woody stem above floor. Herbaceous plants may be annuals, biennials or perennials. Total annual herbaceous plants perish completely at the end of the growing season or when they may have flowered and fruited, plus they then increase again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plant life may have stems that die by the end of the growing season, but elements of the plant make it through under or near to the ground from season to season (for biennials, until the next growing season, when they rose and expire). New development grows from living tissues left over on or under the bottom, including roots, a caudex (a thickened portion of the stem at ground level) or numerous kinds of underground stems, such as lights, corms, stolons, rhizomes and tubers. Types of herbaceous biennials include carrot, parsnip and common ragwort; herbaceous perennials include potato, peony, hosta, mint, most ferns & most grasses. By contrast, non-herbaceous perennial crops are woody plant life that have stems above floor that remain alive through the dormant season and expand shoots the next time from the above-ground parts - these include trees and shrubs, shrubs and vines.
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